509. Fibonacci Number

Easy

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The Fibonacci numbers, commonly denoted F(n) form a sequence, called the Fibonacci sequence, such that each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, starting from 0 and 1. That is,

F(0) = 0, F(1) = 1
F(n) = F(n - 1) + F(n - 2), for n > 1.

Given n, calculate F(n).

Example 1:

Input: n = 2
Output: 1
Explanation: F(2) = F(1) + F(0) = 1 + 0 = 1.

Example 2:

Input: n = 3
Output: 2
Explanation: F(3) = F(2) + F(1) = 1 + 1 = 2.

Example 3:

Input: n = 4
Output: 3
Explanation: F(4) = F(3) + F(2) = 2 + 1 = 3.

Constraints:

• 0 <= n <= 30

class Solution:
    def __init__(self):
        self.dp = {}
        self.dp[0] = 0
        self.dp[1] = 1
        self.dp[2] = 1
    
    def fib(self, n: int) -> int:
        if n in self.dp:
            return self.dp[n]
        return self.fib(n-1) + self.fib(n-2)